How To Properly Clean Your Shotgun
Keeping your shotgun clean is essential for its longevity and optimal performance. Whether you're an avid hunter, a sport shooter, or simply a firearm enthusiast, knowing how to clean your shotgun is a fundamental skill. Regular cleaning ensures that your shotgun operates smoothly and prevents rust and corrosion that can damage its components.
We will walk you through the appropriate process of how to clean a shotgun, covering everything from disassembly to proper lubrication techniques. By following these instructions, you'll be able to maintain your shotgun in top condition for years to come.
GENERAL CLEANING AND LUBRICATING TIPS
Ensure the shotgun is empty before starting, disassemble it per the manufacturer's instructions, and gather the necessary cleaning supplies. First, clean the barrel with a bore brush soaked in solvent, then run patches through until they come out clean. Next, use a soft brush or toothbrush to remove dirt and fouling from the other components, and wipe down metal surfaces with a clean cloth.
Apply a thin lubricant layer to moving parts and metal surfaces, avoiding over-lubrication. Finally, reassemble the shotgun, ensuring all components fit securely. Regular cleaning helps maintain performance and prevents issues. Refer to your shotgun's manual for specific instructions.
Equipment
Here's a list of the equipment and tools you'll need to clean your shotgun:
Cleaning rod
Bore brush
Cleaning patches
Solvent
Gun oil
Cotton swabs or old toothbrush
Microfiber cloth
Gun cleaning mat or newspaper
These tools and supplies will ensure you have everything you need to clean your shotgun from start to finish correctly.
HOW TO CLEAN YOUR SHOTGUN
Cleaning a shotgun is crucial for its performance and longevity, but the process may differ slightly depending on your type of shotgun. For example, pump-action, semi-automatic, and break-action shotguns may vary in disassembly, parts, and cleaning techniques.
However, understanding the fundamentals of shotgun cleaning and adapting them to your specific firearm will enable you to maintain and care for your shotgun effectively. We’ll talk about the comprehensive instructions on cleaning your shotgun while highlighting any pertinent differences between different shotgun types.
Bore
Begin by attaching a bore brush to your cleaning rod and applying a solvent to the brush. Next, insert the brush into the chamber end of the bore and push it through the entire barrel length in a back-and-forth motion. This action helps remove built-up fouling and debris. After several passes with the brush, attach a cleaning patch to the jag or looped end of the cleaning rod.
Soak the patch in solvent and run it through the bore, repeating until the patch comes out clean. Finally, run a dry patch through the bore to remove any remaining solvent, and visually inspect the bore to ensure it is clean before lubrication and reassembly.
Trigger Group
Cleaning the trigger group of your shotgun is essential to maintain its functionality and reliability. Ensure the shotgun is unloaded and disassembled per the manufacturer's instructions. Next, gently remove dirt, debris, or residue from the trigger group components using a soft brush or toothbrush. Pay attention to areas where grime can accumulate, such as the sear, springs, and pins.
Wipe down the metal surfaces with a clean cloth and, if necessary, use a small amount of solvent to dissolve the stubborn residue. Once the trigger group is clean and dry, apply a thin lubricant layer to the moving parts to ensure smooth operation.
Receiver
When it comes to cleaning your shotgun's receiver, again, ensure the shotgun is unloaded and disassembled. Then, gently remove any dirt, dust, or debris from the receiver using a soft brush or toothbrush, paying close attention to hard-to-reach areas.
If there are stubborn stains or residues, apply a small amount of solvent to a cleaning patch or cloth and carefully wipe the affected areas. Avoid excessive use of solvent to prevent damage. After cleaning, wipe the receiver with a dry cloth to remove any remaining solvent or debris. Finally, apply a thin lubricant layer to the receiver's metal surfaces to protect against corrosion and ensure smooth operation.
Gas System
Locate the gas system components, including a gas piston, cylinder, rings, and seals. Gently remove these components and inspect them for any carbon buildup or debris. Next, use a soft scrub or cloth soaked in solvent to thoroughly clean the gas system parts. Please pay close attention to the gas ports and ensure they are free from any blockages.
Once cleaned, dry the components and apply a light coat of lubricant before reassembling the gas system. Maintaining the gas system will help ensure consistent cycling and reliable shotgun performance.
Added Lubrication
Proper lubrication is vital for the smooth operation and longevity of your shotgun. Before reassembling, apply additional lubricant to specific areas. Start by using a small amount of oil for the action's moving parts, such as the bolt, slide, and action bars. Next, focus on friction points where metal components come into contact.
Additionally, lightly lubricate the pivot points of the shotgun, such as the hinge pin for break-action shotguns or the bolt carrier for semi-automatic shotguns. Use a clean cloth or your fingers to spread the lubricant evenly, ensuring all relevant surfaces are coated. Remember not to over-lubricate; excess oil can attract dirt and affect performance.
Working With A Plug
The limiter plug in a shotgun, such as the Browning A5, can be removed to allow for more shells in the magazine. However, checking for local hunting regulations before removing the plug is essential. To remove the Browning A5 plug, unload the shotgun and remove the magazine cap. Next, take out the Browning A5 recoil spring and follower assembly. The limiter plug should be visible and removed using pliers or a screwdriver.
After removing the limiter plug from the Browning A5 shotgun, reassemble the shotgun by following the steps in reverse order. It's important to note that removing the plug from a shotgun may vary depending on the make and model, and it's essential to always prioritize safety when handling firearms.
HOW OFTEN SHOULD I CLEAN MY SHOTGUN?
The frequency of cleaning depends on how often you use your shotgun. If you use it frequently, it's recommended that you clean your shotgun after each use. If you use it less often, you can clean it every 6-12 months or after a long period of disuse. It's essential to note that storing your shotgun in damp or humid conditions can cause rust and corrosion, so storing it properly and cleaning it is vital to its longevity.
What Happens If I Don't Clean My Gun?
Failing to clean your gun regularly can lead to several problems. First, dirt and debris can accumulate in the barrel, causing it to become obstructed, which can impact the bullet's trajectory. Second, moisture can build up in the barrel, causing rust and corrosion, damaging the barrel permanently.
Third, the buildup of carbon and other residue can cause the gun to malfunction, impacting its ability to fire safely and effectively. Finally, failing to clean your gun could mean it doesn't last as long as it otherwise might, meaning you'll need to replace it sooner than necessary.
Fouling
Fouling is a term used in shooting sports and refers to the buildup of residue left behind after a projectile is fired. Fouling can comprise several materials, including carbon, copper, lead, plastic, dirt, and more.
Some of the most common types of fouling include carbon buildup, which occurs when gunpowder is burned, and copper fouling, which happens when the bullet jacket scrapes off tiny amounts of copper as it travels through the barrel. Fouling can reduce the accuracy of your shots and cause malfunctions, so it's essential to clean your firearm regularly to prevent it.
Rust Prevention
To prevent your shotgun from rusting, cleaning it regularly and thoroughly drying it is essential. Applying a rust inhibitor can also help to avoid rust formation by creating a barrier between the metal surfaces and any moisture. Storing your shotgun in a dry location away from moisture and a well-ventilated area is also essential. Finally, a gun safe can provide additional protection for your shotgun, shielding it from humidity and other elements that could cause damage.
DROPPED YOUR GUN IN THE WATER ON A HUNT?
You must act quickly if you accidentally drop your gun in the water during a hunt. If the water is shallow and you can retrieve your gun immediately, it's likely fine. However, even if you recover it quickly, you should still drain the water out of it first.
The length of time that your gun is submerged in water is crucial. If it takes more than 30 seconds, ensure it's thoroughly dried. Field stripping your gun involves disassembling it into its components, including the barrel, receiver, and stock. You'll then need to thoroughly dry each component before reassembling your gun. Failure to dry your gun correctly could lead to rust formation and other damage and can impact your gun's performance.
LOOKING FOR YOUR NEXT HUNT?
Cleaning your shotgun regularly ensures it remains in good condition and functions correctly. Following the steps outlined above, you can help prevent fouling and rust formation, which could impact your gun's accuracy and performance. If you're planning a hunt, consider booking one of the best-guided hunts available with Split Reed.
We offer a comprehensive guide to duck hunting and other hunting expeditions, ensuring that you have an unforgettable experience. With our expert guidance and support, you can focus on enjoying your hunt while they take care of the rest. So don't wait any longer to book your dream hunting trip!